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EXTRAMURAL ENGLISH ACTIVITIES AND INDIVIDUAL LEARNER DIFFERENCES Table 35. Results of regression analysis regarding in-school anxiety EE activities B SEB ß t EE watching online videos on YouTube -.26 .06 -.22* -4.20 EE chatting with others -.22 .05 -.25* -4.59 EE watching videos on TikTok .13 .04 .19* 3.56 R? 14 F for change in R? 17.056 Note. B stands for regression coefficient. *p<.05 SE B — standard error associated with the coefficient B — standardized coefficient R? — stands for the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables Two of the activities, YouTube videos and chatting, negatively correlate with in-school anxiety, which means the more learners chat or consume YouTube content, the less anxious they are in EFL classes. In contrast, TikTok positively correlates with in-school anxiety, meaning those who consume more TikTok content are more anxious in EFL classes. A possible explanation may be that TikTok is a more solitary activity and is less interactive than other social media platforms, such as Facebook or Instagram. As Bhandari and Bimo (2020: n.p.) point out, in the case of TikTok, “the crux of interaction is not between users and their social network, but between a user and what we call an ‘algorithmized’ version of self.” Opening TikTok results in being presented with a stream of videos compiled by an algorithm, and no communication is necessary between the user and the content provider. This kind of interaction is completely different from EFL classroom interactions, as in classes, students have to interact with both the teacher and their peers. Table 36. Results of regression analysis regarding extramural anxiety EE activities B SEB ß t EE chatting with others -.17 .05 -.21* -3.59 EE watching online videos on YouTube -.16 .06 -.15* -2.69 EE watching videos on TikTok .08 .03 .13* 2.42 EE paper-based reading -.15 .07 -.13* -2.16 R? 13 F for change in R? 11.569 Note. B stands for regression coefficient. *p<.05 SE B — standard error associated with the coefficient B — standardized coefficient R? - stands for the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables * 122 +
