Oldal 162 [162]
ODBAYAR GANBAATAR
Finally Cenggünjaba became the most influential noble in Khalkha Mongolia,
but he died in Uliyasutai in 1771. The Qing court favoured his son Lhawandorji by
marrying him with Qianlong emperor’s seventh daughter.
The Enshrinement of Mongolian Nobles during
the Qing Period
In the beginning of the 18" century the Qing empire initiated a soft power policy
toward the Khalkha princes to secure their loyalty toward the Qing court, which was
intermarriage. As a result of this policy three most respected families the Darkhan
Qing wang, Joriytu jiing wang (“The Courageous Second Grade Prince”), Seéen
qing wang (“The Wise First Grade Prince”) appeared in Outer Mongolia during the
1820" centuries.
First, the first grade prince from Khalkha Dondubdorji, the direct descendant
of the Tüsiyetü qan Galdandorji, married the sixth daughter of the emperor in
1698 whose honoured name was Ginggun elhe gurun-i gungju in Manchu. Their
descendants were third grade princes Sundubdorji (d. 1799), Lhunbudorji (d. 1833),
Delegdorji (d. 1868), Puncugcering (d. 1937). They were all high ranking nobles and
served high positions not only in Outer Mongolia, but also in the inner provinces.
The Manchu princess played an important role among the Mongols persuading them
toward accepting imperial grace. According to oral history noted by Ts. Damdinstiren
she said before her death that “do not send my body to Chinese land, I am the wife
of a Mongolian man. Thus, my body has to be buried in the Mongol land.”!? After
the imperial princess passed away, the Qing court granted her an imperial tomb and
a worshipping decree which was a novel ritual for the Khalkhas of the time. The Qing
court granted to her an imperial mausoleum which was erected in 1740. According to
archaeological excavations, it consisted of a stone inscription, a protective wall with
the main gate and main temple, a stone house guarding the tomb, and a garden. It was
named briefly the “Temple of the Princess” (Khal. Giinjiin stim) among the Mongols.
Although the “Temple of the Princess” is famous til today, it did not remain intact.
The people whose responsibility was to worship in the temple of the imperial princess
were called “Temple Servicemen” (Khal. siimiin otog). They performed a ritual
in every year from the 1740s. In 1930, however, they were denounced as people
who worshipped the tomb and served a deity (Khal. Bug taij, bülshind mörgödög
khiimiiiis). In 1743 the prince Dondubdorji passed away, and his temple was built
in Köke qota together with that of his wife. Hence, the worship of their family are
separated for Köke gota and Mongolia.
Secondly, the family of Joriytu wang was the descendants of Sidisiri Bayatur,
a younger brother of the Tiisiyetii qan and the First Jebcundamba qutuytu. Dorjisebden,
a grandson of him was married to the imperial Manchu princess, a daughter of the
8 Tlamauucypou, L.: CyHxuiin cym. Studia Ethnographica Instituti Historica Comiteti Scientiarum et
Educationis Altae Reipublicae Poluli Mongoli. Tom. 2. Fasc. 3. YnaanOaarap 1961.
160