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CHAPTER 4 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK culturally-bound context. In bi- and multilingual communities, Faith-related instances are fairly frequent’™ given that bi- and multilingual speakers have a higher recognition of the different culturally grounded connotations of their utterances than their monolingual peers. In order to capture and index the most economically and faithfully the actual culture-bound, ideologically grounded, semantic-conceptual meaning of a linguistic utterance, bi- and multilingual speakers can readily rely on code-switching. By differentiating the linguistic form of an utterance, its specificity in meaning is accentuated more economically. Numerous functions of code-switching listed by other researchers can be classified under the principle of Faith. After a thorough and comprehensive study of all sociopragmatic-related functions of code-switching in the relevant literature, 16 have been found to comply with the definition of Faith. To name but a few examples, code-switching functions as le mot juste (the most proper or suitable expression)’, to express “highly specific” cultural connotations™, “stylistic embroidery”, religious invocations’, or linguistic routines or clichés". With a view to illustrating how Faith works, three examples taken from previous studies as well as from my joint research with Bolonyai will be provided. In the examples, numbers refer to the lines and the letters stand for the different speakers. The code-switched instance is indicated by bold letters in italics (unless otherwise indicated). The translations are provided in brackets. Example [1] illustrates “how CS is employed to recall and rebuild cultural memory in the here-and-now of text production”’. The extract is taken from an English daily newspaper in India. The figures refer to the lines. 10° Ad Backus, The role of semantic specificity in insertional code-switching: Evidence from Dutch-Turkish, in: R. Jacobson (ed.), Code-switching Worldwide II. Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs 126, Berlin, New York, Mouton de Gruyter, 2001, 125-154; Cecilia Montes-Alcala, Written code-switching: powerful bilingual images, in: Rodolfo Jacobson (ed.), Code-switching Worldwide II. Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs 126, Berlin, New York, Mouton de Gruyter, 2001, 193-219; Rakesh M. Bhatt, In other words: Language mixing, identity representations, and third space, Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12 (2) (2008), 177-200 Carol Myers-Scotton — Janice L. Jake, Matching lemmas in a bilingual competence and production model, Linguistics, 33 (1995), 981-1024; Penelope Gardner-Chloros — Reeva Charles — Jenny Cheshire, Parallel patterns? A comparison of monolingual speech and bilingual discourse, Journal of Pragmatics, 32 (2000), 1305-1341 Backus, The role of semantic specificity, 125-154 Guadalupe Valdés-Fallis, Code-switching in Bilingual Chicano Poetry, Hispania, 59 (1976), 877-886; Laura Callahan, Spanish/English Code-switching in a Written Corpus, Amsterdam/ Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004 Callahan, Spanish/English Code-switching. 14 Montes-Alcala, Written code-switching, 193-219 4S Bhatt - Bolonyai, Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual use, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 526 110 11 BE 11. DS 11 u a + 46 +
