Oldal 27 [27]
OCR
1. INTRODUCTION = 25 of the experience and how the participants perceive themselves during this experience. The schedule of the interview also has to follow the narrative flow of the interviewee (Smith et al., 2009). 1.2.4.3. Data analysis The first step of the analysis involves immersing oneself in the data. This process requires reading and re-reading of the interview transcript and active engagement with the data to enter the participants world. In the second phase, initial notes and comments could be added on the right margin of the interview transcripts which try to capture the meaning-making process of the participant. In the third step emergent themes develop by grouping notes and comments. The process of identifying emergent themes involves breaking up the narrative flow of the interview (which represents a manifestation of the hermeneutic cycle) and put the pieces together in another new whole. In the next stage, the researcher is looking for patterns, subordinate and superordinate themes across cases/interviews and I this way master themes emerge. The researcher should illustrate each master themes with interview quotation from at least the half of the participants (Smith et al., 2009). 1.2.4.4. Assessing validity and trustworthiness There is a significant discussion among qualitative researchers about how to ensure the quality of a qualitative research. In the case of IPA Smith et al. (2009) suggest applying Yardley’s (2000) criteria, which presents four principles for assessing the validity of a qualitative research. The first principle is “sensitivity to the context’, which means the researcher should show sensitivity to the socio-cultural milieu in which the research is situated, the literature on the topic, and the data collected from the participants. The second principle is “commitment and rigor”. Commitment means a personal commitment and investment by the researcher, who ensures the participant to feel comfortable and attends closely what the participant says. Rigour means appropriateness of the sample, the quality of the interview and consistency of the analysis. The third principle is “transparency and coherence”. Transparency refers to how clearly the stages of the research are presented in the publication, coherence of qualitative research is judged by the reader of the finished/published study. The fourth principle is “impact and importance” is also judged by the reader whether the study tells something relevant and useful. Rodham, Fox, and Doran (2015) described how trustworthiness could be ensured in the analytical process of IPA. According to the authors, all researchers involved in the analysis should listen to the audio recordings of the interviews. That could prevent the presuppositions of the researchers influ
