Oldal 408 [408]
OCR
KARENINA KOLLMAR-PAULENZ smyon bsam grub,’ the “snowman residing at Sham po gangs.” It may be possible that Gangs pa is the same person as Gangs pa rmug seng who figures prominently in the gcod transmission lineages.'' It may also be that gangs pa denotes the famous gcod adept Kun spangs brTson ‘grus seng ge who is also mentioned in the colophon.'? We do not have his exact dates, but based on the one hand on the transmission lineages detailed in historical, biographical and ritual texts, and on the other hand on the data provided in ‘Gos lo tsa ba gZhon nu dpal’s Blue Annals (Deb ther sngon po, in short Deb sngon), we may put him in the 13" century." This is also congruent with ‘Gos lo tsa ba gZhon nu dpal’s opinion that he was a contemporary of Yang dgon pa (1213-1258).'* In most transmission lineages he appears as eighth or tenth in the lineage.'® Kun spangs brtson ‘grus seng ge is known under yet another name, Sangs rgyas ston pa or Sangs rgyas ston pa brTson ‘grus seng ge.'® His biography is contained in the Blue Annals,'’ and also in the Zhi byed chos ‘byung, written by Khams smyon dharma sengge aka ‘Jigs bral chos kyi sengge in the late 19" century or at the turn of the 19"/ 20" century.'* brTson ‘grus senge belonged to the Shangs Considered by numerous Tibetan authors (for example ‘Jigs bral chos kyi seng ge: Zhi byed dang gcod yul gyi chos ‘byung rin po che’1 phreng ba thar pa’i rgyan. In: Chos kyi chos skor. Three Texts on the History and Practice of the Zi-byed and Gcod Precepts. Reproduced from rare blockprints from the Library of Tibet House. Ser phyin tshigs bead chen mo of Aryadeva, Phun po gzan skyur gyi ram b$ad, Zi byed dan Gcod yul gyi chos ‘byun of ‘Jigs-bral-chos-kyi-senge. Tibet House, New Delhi 1974, fol. 34r-34v) as one of Ma gcig’s sons. According to the Deb sngon he was her great-great-son, see “Gos lo tsa ba gZhon nu dpal: Deb ther sngon po. Si khron mi rigs dpe skrun khang, Chengdu 1984, pp. 1144-1145. “Gos lo tsa ba: Deb sngon, p. 1145: Sham po gangs la bzhugs pa’i gangs par grags. For his biography see ‘Jigs bral chos kyi seng ge: Zhi byed chos ‘byung, ff. 63rv. The biography of the Ernst Collection lists him as the third (after Ma gcig and Thod bsnyon bsam ‘grub) in the transmission lineage of the rNam bshad chen mo, followed by Kun spangs brtson ‘grus seng ge, see Ma gcig lab kyi sgron ma ‘i rnam thar, fol. 508v. 2 Fol. 508v: kun spangs brtson ‘grus sengge bas/sa pho ‘brug gi lo la shes rab gsal Idan gyis lung bstan nas/ lha sa’i rkyang thang nas gdan drangs pa’o. The male Earth-Dragon year would be 1268. '5 “Gos lo tsa ba puts his birth in a “year of the hare” (Deb sngon, p. 870.) which is probably 1207. According to the Deb sngon, p. 873, he died in his 72™ year which is 1278. Following ‘Gos lo tsa ba (but not quoting him as the source), the TBRC provides the dates 1207-1278. “Gos lo tsa ba: Deb sngon, pp. 873-874. ‘Gos lo tsa ba explicitly remarks that even for him it is difficult to establish a time-line for Sangs rgyas ston pa and his immediate predecessors (Deb sngon, p. 873). See, for example, ‘Gos lo tsa ba: Deb sngon, pp. 1148-1150. Some transmission lineages, however, put him directly behind Ma gcig, which would make him her contemporary; compare ‘Jigs bral chos kyi seng ge: Zhi byed chos ‘byung, fol. 67v. Nam mkha’ bsam grub rgyal mtshan: Shangs pa bka‘ brgyud bla rabs kyi rnam thar. Bod ljongs mi dmangs dpe skrun khang, Lhasa 1996, p. 263. '7 ‘Gos lo tsa ba: Deb sngon, pp. 870-873. Roerich, George N.: The Blue Annals. Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi 1979, pp. 743-746. “Jigs bral chos kyi seng ge: Zhi byed chos ‘byung, ff. 56v-58r. For the bibliographical details see note 9 of this paper. A complete translation of this important work on the gcod tradition is provided by Kollmar-Paulenz, Karénina: ‘Der Schmuck der Befreiung.’ Die Geschichte der Zi byed- und gCodSchule des tibetischen Buddhismus. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1991. 406
