Oldal 173 [173]
RELIGIOUS CoDES OF MONGOLIAN BuppHIST MONASTERIES
ff. 1-22 (line 7) — provide a list of all religious ceremonies (khurals) to be con¬
ducted in the first month of spring by days, starting with a detailed description of
tules for performing rituals and offerings, the sequence of khurals on the occasion of
the New Year, description of duties of officials during the Ahural, explanation of the
musical accompaniment of each of the ceremonies, distribution of income received
at the monastic treasury, instructions for distributing tea and food (mangji) to the
lamas participating in the khurals, using a certain amount of oil in the lamps, flour
in the offerings and other expenses of the monastery during the month, etc.
ff. 22-28 — provide a description of the khurals for the entire middle month of
spring, from the first to the last day (f. 23 with the description of khurals to be held
during 2-8" days is missing; the description of the 2"! day is incomplete).
ff. 28-39 — provide a description of the khurals for the last month of spring
by days. The 15" day of this month is the day of venerating Maitreya (Maidar);
a detailed description and order of the khural conducted on that occasion are given
on ff. 29-38. During this month, it is required to decide upon a day for paying
respect to water deities (Khal. /usüd, Tib. klu) and appoint monks to conduct a khural.
A detailed description of the khurals for this month and duties of lamas and other
workers of the monastery from the 16" to the 30" day of the month is given.
ff. 40-51 — the schedule of khurals and events of the first month of summer. On
fol. 40 there is an information that in the 16" year of Sayishiyaltu Irügeltü,” the
year of the Yellowish Sheep, in the last month of spring 7sam (Tib. ‘cham) religious
ceremony was held for the first time. Since then, the religious ceremony 7sam was
held on the 27" of the first month of summer.
f. 56 — on the new moon of the first month of summer the rite of veneration of
Khan Uul should be conducted.
ff. 57-63 — describe the khurals to be held in the middle month of summer.
f. 59 — gives detailed information about the shares to be given to the monks.
ff. 63-86 — a description of the khurals and the order in which religious activities
in the last month of summer are to be carried out, particularly the order and rules for
conducting the yarnai khural™ are explained in detail (ff. 79-85).
ff. 86 — description of the khurals of the first month of autumn.
ff. 87-94 — description of the khurals of the middle month of autumn.
ff. 95-97 — description of the khurals of the last month of autumn.
ff. 98-102 — description of the khurals of the first month of winter.
ff. 102 (8)-111 - description ofthe khurals ofthe middle month of winter, a gene¬
ral description of the khurals of the last month of winter.
ff. 111-120 - description of the khurals of the last month of winter by days.
ff. 121-131 - instructions on the quantity of products (tea, butter, meat, milk, flour,
cereals, water, salt, etc.) and other means firewood, cloth, thread, juniper, etc.) to be
The 16" year of Sayisiyaltu Iriigeltii (Yunyan, 1796-1820) corresponds to 1811, the year of “whitish
sheep,” not the year of the “yellowish sheep.”
Religious prayer services held for 45 days once a year in the last summer month. The name is borrowed
from the Tibetan language (Tib. dbyar gnas).
171