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CypyH-XAHJIA JI. CbIPTBITIOBA
npaBnTereñ rocre Hero». Kak OTBeTBJIeHH4 MOHTOJIBCKOTO CTHJI HM OTMEUAIOTCH
CTHJIM BepXHHX MOHTosIOB (THO. stod hor), yirypcKuti (THO. yu gur) u xoTaHcKuhH (THO.
kha sha). 06 9ToM nucaJI rakxe Goree panHuïü aBßTop llaııma Kaprıo (Tu6. padma dkar
po, 1526-1592). JlanHyto Touky 3peHua noxiepxABaerT TaKxe u Jlarba0 Punnoye.’
To TepMHHOM CTHIA MBI HOHAMAEM CTPYKTYPHOE EAMHCTBO O6Pa3HOË CHCTEMEI H
TIPHEMOB XY/L0XKECTBEHHOTO BBIPAXKCHHI. 3APOK/ICHAE HI OTMAPAHHE OTPEACICHHOTO
CTUNA ABIIIETCH OTKIIHKOM Ha IIPOHCXONALIME TIIOGAJIBHLIE COLMAJIBHO-I3KOHOMNUYECKHE
N3MeHEeHHg. Harıpumep, cKudo-CHÖHPcKUH 3BEPHHLIH CTUJIb KOYEBHHKOB 7 B. HO H.3.
— 2 B.H.9. COOTBETCTBOBANI IIEPMHOAY, KOTIIA B X03SIÜCTBEHHOM YKIAalEe OXOTHNYECTBO
Tpeo6Na]allo Hal KHBOTHOBOJICTBOM H 3EMJIEIENIHEM. OCBOCHHE xXeJIe3a, TIPHUPy4e¬
HHE H OJOMAIIIHHBAHHE >KUBOTHBIX CIIOCOÖCTBOBANIO PA3BUTHIO IIOCJHIEIHHX CIIOCOOOB
XOZAÜCTBOBAHHA. C TIEPEXONOM OT IIOXM 6POH3BI K IIOXE KEIIE3A 3BEPUHLIH CTHIIb
colles1 Ha CIIA, YCTYIIHB MECTO 300MOP$HoH, a 3arem Tpabuueckof u bropncrtuye¬
CKOH OPHAMEHTANIBHOCTH.”
ToBopst 0 HaJIMYHUN CTANA B ACKYCCTBE, OTPAKAIOIEM CHOKHBILIYIOCH KVIBTYPY, MbI
HMEEM B BUJIY OHDPEJIEJIEHHYIO KOJIHHECTBEHHYIO MaCCOBOCTB HUJIH JUIHTEJIBHYIO IIPE¬
EMCTBEHHOCTB XYIOKECTBEHHBIX H TEXHOJIOTHYECKHX TpaımumnM. IIpn Kraccndnkaumn
CTUNEH KyJIBTOBOTO NHCKyccTBa BajpKpasHbI B THOETOSI3BIYHON JIMTEPAType BA>KHOC
3HayeHHe YAENAETCA ABYM PakTopaM. Bo-repBBiX, 3T0 JIHHHA PEIIHTHOBHOH IIPeeM¬
CTBeHHOCTH (THO. Jugs) U, BO-BTOPbIX, JINHNSI IIPHHAINIEPKHOCTU K ITHO-KyJIBTyPHOU
cpene (Tu6. rigs).
Uro KacaeTca PeJIHTHOZHOÚ IIPEeMCTBEHHOCTN, CTAHOBJICHHE COÖCTBEHHO MOHTOJIb¬
CKUX OYIUIMÜCKUX, XYIIOKECTBEHHBIX IIIKOJI HAYMHAJIOCB OT MACTEPOB CaKbATIa B 13—48.,
' Tonan-xan (1206-1251) — Buyk Unurucxana, cpr Yreyea u Jloperene-xatyH, Mmanımf par T'yıora.
KV3BecTeH yCTaHOBJIEHHEM HOCTOSHHBIX CBA3CH c Tu6erom. Ilorıyynn cTaBky B JlaHbwxKoy u ynpaBial
HPHJIETAJONIHMH TEPPHTOPHAMH. O BIJIHATEJIBPBHOCTH [OJaHa CBHJETEJIBETBYET XDPOHOJIOTHHECKaJA
uctopua Tudeta «Ilarcam-J>xoncan» (aBrop amrocknü yuenbr CyMGa-kxam60, 1704-1788), re o
HEM TOBOPHTCA, KAK O BEJIHKOM HMIIEPaTope, a JIsama6anzap zaxe He yYHOMAHYT. l'oxaH-XaH HCKan
CHIIBHOTO JIAMy H B COOTBETCTBHH C HPaBAMH CBOCTO BPEMEHH NPOBÄN Pa3BelKky TUÖCTCKUX 3CMEIB
60eM. BbIACHHB, YTO CHIIBHEHIIIHMH Ha TOT MOMEHT ObLIH Cakballa, a CpPeAH HUX Cakba-IaHımTa, lonaH
lipuracws ero K cBoemy JNBopy. B 1247 rony Cakb4-rIIaHJIHTa BCTPeTHJICA c I OHAHOM H H3JIEHHJI eTO OT
6onesun. Ilpu6bızımH k l'oxaxy 8 cBuTe Cakb4-HaHAATBI ero 1eMaHHUK [larGa-raMa, BIIOCJIEJICTBHH
B TOA MPOBo3TJIamıeHug XyOnsas uMIIepatopoM (1260) crası HacTaBHuKoM TocyAapcTBa (TO-IM).
Tlocsıe BoapeHnun MyHK9-xaHa B 125 1r. TomaH Ka3HuJI HOTOMKOB Vr3154, KOTOPBIE BBLIBHTAJIH Apyroro
KaHıMNaTa Ha BCEMOHTONBCKHH npecron. Vaer l'oxaHa COXpaHHJICA 3a erO HOTOMKAMH, KOTOPBIE
IIPONOJDKHIIM yUpaBILATL HM H H1031Hee, pH XyOusali-xane x ToMyp-xane.
2 Dagyab, Loden Sh.: Tibetan Religious Art. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1977, pp. 5—16.
IIpo6sema paccMmaTpuBanlach B Tpynax: D&nopoB-JlaBbINoB, A. T.: /ckyccm6o Koueenuxoe u 3ornomoü
Opovı. Ouepku kynomypet u uckyccmea napodog Egpazuückux cmeneü u 3010M00pÔbIHCKUX 20P0008.
Tlamamuuxu Opeenezo uckyccmea. MckyccTBo, MockBa 1976; Kopenusko, B. A.: Hekyccmeo Llenm¬
panonoü Asuu u 36epunorü cmunv. MockBa 2002; BatuyııyyH, J1.: Moneon dapxnoı ypnae. BoTB 1, 2.
YnaaHOaatap 2009; Mupumanos, B. B.: cmoku cmuna. menus no ucmopuu u meopuu Kkyromypet.
Bein. 28. PTT'y, UBIN, MocxBa 1999; Mupumanos, B. B.: Hckyccmeo u mud: Llenmpanonvrü o6paz
kapmunoı mupa. Cornacue, Mocksa 1997 u ap.
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