Oldal 80 [80]
Menmaatrenakht under Ramesses XI, while the title jmj-r3 pr hd ‘overseer of the treasury’
occurs only during the Ramesside period, by Sety under Ramesses II, Nesamun and
Amenhotep under Ramesses IX, and by the above-mentioned Menmaatrenakht under
Ramesses XI. Both of the titles were extended with special reference to the ruler himself
as n nb t3.wj ‘of the lord of the Two Lands’, n pr 3 ‘of the Pharaoh’ or n nswt ‘of the king’
demonstrating that the departments did not belong to the state administration, but to
that of the royal palace and the ruler himself.
Nevertheless, there are some titles borne by the officials which indicate their activity
in the state administration as well. During the reign of Thutmose III, Qenamun is rep¬
resented on his statues as h3¢j- n Mn-nfr ‘mayor of Memphis’ and jmj-r3 snw.tj ‘overseer
of the double granary’, this time without any extension referring to the ruler.” These
two titles, especially appearing together, definitely connect its bearer to the highest sphere
of the central government of the country, as the mayor as a settlement-leader was in
charge not only of ensuring a sufficient food supply for the population but also for the
collection and transportation of the taxes as well as grain and other commodities.”* The
same is true for the position of Sety under Ramesses II who, among other important
titles, acted as jmj-r3 htm.t ‘overseer of the sealed things’.*° The person in this position
was one of the most important officials at the royal court during the Middle Kingdom,
at least during the 18"" dynasty, responsible for managing the commodities of the royal
palace and working closely together with the vizier.”*
In some cases, it seems obvious that offices belonging to the royal household or royal
administration must have been gained in return for a functional service of an individual
as ‘royal wb? at the beginning of their career, however, promotions to the highest rank¬
ing positions in the royal and occasionally in the state administration might also have
been the result of the confidential relationship of the official with the ruler himself,
moreover, both of the reasons can be true at the same time. Since in most cases there is
7 For a discussion on Qenamun, see p. 115, for the inscription on his statue, see [3.1] Stelophor statue
on p. 348.
8 Helck, 1958, 235-236; van den Boorn, 1988, 242-243; Van Siclen III, 1991, 159; Gessler-Löhr, 1997, 36.
# For a discussion on Sety, see p. 194, for the inscription on his statue, see [48] Block statue, Cairo, JE
33263 on p. 480.
>4 van den Boorn, 1988, 61, 311; Quirke, 2004, 48-49; Grajetzki, 2013, 215, 219. According to Grajetzki,
2013, 239, it has been proposed that the property of the king was separated from the property of the
state, according to which idea, the commodities of the king were administered by the jmj-r3 htm.t
‘overseer of the sealed things’, and those of the state by the pr-hd ‘overseer of the double treasury’,
however, there is no evidence for such a division, and person who bore the title ‘overseer of sealed
things’ often held that of ‘overseer of the double treasury’ as well, but in the Middle Kingdom it
was rather an honorific title than a functional one.