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CHAPTER 7 FINDINGS (a) Making evaluative or validating comments Example [53] G1F36,63 “De nem Sacher volt, sokkal jobb, mint a Sacher. But it was very good.” ‘But it wasn’t Sacher, it was much better than Sacher. But it was very good.’) source: data collected by Kovacs in 2008-2009) RAR NE In this utterance, the speaker comments on the quality of a cake. She claims that it was not a Sacher cake, but it was much better. Switching to English to make a final evaluative comment on the quality of the cake enables the speaker to accentuate the force of the evaluative comment. When switching to English, the speaker also indicates her shift into the position of an expert - she is actually famous in the Hungarian-American community for her great cakes and pastries. As such, she feels to have more vested competence to make such an evaluative comment. The switch to English also functions as a narrative coda putting an end to the utterance as well as signaling that the evaluative comment is not intended to be subject to further discussion. The interaction of constraints In this section, I provide a qualitative analysis of the interaction between the five principle acting as constraints in particular contexts. The process of the conflict between the five sociopragmatic constraints is illustrated in tableaux. In these tableaux, the constraints that are violated by the examined code-switched or monolingual candidates are indicated with asterisks. The constraints are arranged in the order following the hierarchy proposed by Bolonyai and Bhatt*°’ with the highest ranked constraint placed in the left side of the tableaux and the lowest at the extreme right of the tableaux. The candidates undergo the array of the five hierarchically arranged constraints, and if they violate one particular constraint, it is marked with an asterisk. Violating the highest ranked constraint is lethal, marked with exclamation marks, which means that the surface realization of the violating candidate is disqualified. As the Optimality Theory for the analysis of bilingual grammar does not make a distinction in terms of the direction of switching, switches from Hungarian to English as well as from English to Hungarian are equally 3°8 Bhatt — Bolonyai, Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual use, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 522-546 * 172 +
