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OCR
448 Anelia Kassabova first half of 1963: 5790 were working class children, 2490 were members of the TKZS, 16% were children of staff/ofhicials; 2.5% were children of private craftsmen and private farmers. The political affiliation of the parents is underlined in following way: “13%, members of the Bulgarian Communist Party; 2.9%, members of the Bulgarian Agrarian People’s Union (BZNS); 1.8%, bivshi hora (‘former people’) [i.e. members of the so-called fascist and bourgeois-parties, former policemen, etc.]; 82%, non-party members; 7.9%, children of moral decomposed families; and 5.4%, children of criminals.” For the period 1969-1974, a statistic shows the following composition of the student population in LES “Violeta Yakova” in the village of Vranya stena: 54% working class children, 16% peasant children, and 30% “children of intellectuals”. ‘The generalization of being hooligans, hussies/prostitutes became easily affixed to the whole group of students. The stigma of immorality strengthened the prejudice of the surrounding environment and influenced the identity and the behavior of the inmates of the school. “The rumor of their arrival in the village and the whole region brought much turmoil. [The neighbors] began to lock the doors of yards and houses in the early evening. Everything possible was talked about regarding their hooligans acts, about their antisocial behavior. ... Unscrupulous people young and old ... adversely affected the behavior of the girls. White-haired drivers rolled cynical heads and stopped near their cars offering services to help the girls to “escape” from the school, offering them money for the journey, and when they managed to convince them, they took advantage of those girls who were perceived as having abnormal sexual behavior. [...] The help of the militia was insufficient, and in some cases irresponsible. Many of our pedagogical staff ran often the risk of physical and psychological harassment,” stated the school director Grancharov in his autobiography. The staff comprised some twenty-five to twenty-seven teachers, educators and craftsmen, and support staff. The difficult working conditions, the work overload, and low pay caused the constant shortage and turnover of the staff. This affected the quality of teaching and hindered proportionate and individualized work with the students. Gradually the young people started participating in productive work—the fields were utilized for food production (fruit and vegetable garden, livestock breeding) under the guidance of a trained agronomist.” At the school workshops were built, where craftsmen trained the juveniles (in sewing and applied electrical engineering).”° The juveniles worked in the local agricultural co-operative farm 2 "TsDA, E 1283, op. 1, ae. 3: 50. # DA Pernik, E 1017, op. 1, ae. 1: 15. #4 DA Pernik, F. 1017, op. 1, ae. 1: 13, 21. About the methods of the Ministry of Interior and the People’ Militia concerning prostitution see Gruev 2015. 5 DA Pernik, F. 705, op. 1, ae. 1: 111 gr. 2° Ibid.: 11 gr.
