Oldal 277 [277]
OCR
A KANTIAN ‘FOUNDATION’ OF HUMAN RIGHTS THROUGH THE IMPOSSIBILITY... Conference, representing more than 50 member states at that time.’ But its substantial shortfalls have become so obvious that the Conference decided to redraft it, moderating its wording by using phrases intended to align it more with existing human rights models. Presently (March 2021), it is in the process of being adopted. But let’s first have a look at the CDHR. Something peculiar springs immediately into the eyes of the unprepared reader. The Preamble of the CDHR stipulates mankind’s “freedom and right to a dignified life in accordance with the Islamic Shari’ah...” At the end of this document there is also a general clause that concerns anything proclaimed in this Declaration: “All the rights and freedoms stipulated in this Declaration are subject to the Islamic Shari’ah.” (Art. 24) Those key passages obviously equal human rights with the provisions of the Sharia, a kind of civil law for Muslims regulating family affairs which also includes the stoning of adulterous women. Apparently, the drafters of the Cairo Declaration simply tried to replace the UDHR with religious dogma. We must infer, therefore, that non-Muslims are excluded from protection by these rights. At this point we do not need to continue reading this document. As mentioned above, a revised version of the Cairo Declaration was drafted by the now re-baptized Organization of Islamic Cooperation® (OIC). It is more or less ready for adoption;? it is entitled The OIC Declaration on Human Rights (OICDHR). Experts see in this new document some improvements vis-a-vis the Cairo Declaration, but at the end, so critical voices, changes proposed therein are not much more than cosmetic ones.'° The new declaration “falls short on issues related to family values, freedom of speech, and political participation." ” For an overview of history and circumstances of the CDHR and its successor declaration see Mohammad H. Mozaffari, OIC Declaration on Human Rights: Changing the Name or a Paradigm Change?, 2021; Turan Kayaoglu, The Organization of Islamic Cooperation’s Declaration on Human Rights: Promises and Pitfalls, Brookings Doha Center Publications (28 September 2020). In 2008 the Organisation of Islamic Conference changed its name into Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. This revised Cairo Declaration was provisionally adopted in November 2020 by the IOC Member states. Unfortunately, this document is not available via the Internet. Therefore, my knowledge of the contents of this new declaration depends exclusively on commentators familiar with that final draft. A similar strategy seems to be applied by representatives of the so-called Islamic reform movement, for instance when propagating the “establishment of a democratic system on the basis of Islamic moral standards” (my re-translation into English). So one of its figureheads in Europa, Reza Aslan, Kein Gott ausser Gott: Der Glaube der Muslime von Muhammad bis zur Gegenwart, trans. Rita Seuss, Miinchen, C.H.Beck, 2019, 297. It is difficult not to see the problem with such a statement. 1! Kayaoglu, Organisation. +275 +
