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STRATEGY FOR GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AGAINST GLOBAL CRIME , UNTOC & UNCAC WANTING
two other countries allocated by a very complex drawing of lots. The process
begins by completing a self-assessment questionnaire for each instrument
(Convention plus 3 Protocols to which the Party under review is a member of)
to be finalized with the two peer reviewing countries. Parties are encouraged
to consult with civil society. The self-filled in questionnaire is made available
to an online system (SHERLOC) so it can be shared with other States Parties
and the Secretariat (the UNODC). A list of observations agreed between the
country under review and the two peer reviewers is then circulated to the
COP. It can choose to keep parts of it confidential but may decide to make it
available to the public at large. The country reviews will be placed into the
COP’s General Review, which is held in the plenary of the COP each second
year with the aim to “facilitate the exchange of experiences, lessons learned,
best practices and challenges in implementing the Convention and Protocols
and the identification of technical assistance needs, with a view to improving
their effective implementation and promoting international cooperation.” The
general discussion will focus on some general trends rather than countries’
peculiarities thus avoiding any focused public discussion.
— The thematic working groups (based on the 3 Protocols, as well as on in¬
ternational cooperation and technical assistance), which meet usually on
annual basis, will consider the lists of observations on the basis of which it
will produce general to the COP. No specific country reference is envisaged.
Following the closure of the official deliberations by the working groups a
“Constructive Dialogues” civil society and other stakeholders is envisaged
but no specific country or situation is to be dealt with.
The UNTOC Review Mechanism is a very complex and voluntaristic process.
It will start from next year that is two years after its adoption which means 20
years after the adoption of UNTOC.
Review Mechanism UNCAC COPS
In comparison with the review mechanism of UNTOC, the Review mechanism of
UNCAC is well in place and functional (Resolution 3/1 of the Conference of the
States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption). It is based
on the peer review (one State Party from the regional group and the second from
another region; the self-assessment check-list; governmental experts guidelines;
blueprint; etc.). The review of the UNCAC implementation is carried out by a well
developed schedule and cycles as per chapters of the Convention.
The first cycle started in 2010 and covered the chapters on Criminalization
and Law Enforcement, and International Cooperation: the second cycle started
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