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UGLJESA UGI ZvEKIÓ
practical between UNCAC and UNTOC but also other relevant international
instruments such as drug conventions, arms and terrorism legal and policy
instruments, including those from the human rights ambit.
Therefore, greater integration and cross-fertilization in the various UN anti¬
crime, drugs and terrorism instruments are also needed to help promote more
effective prevention, prosecution and adjudication of these interrelated sinister
phenomena.
Such an integration is also needed in terms of the review of those instruments,
including more cross-fertilization between the Conference of the State Parties of
UNCAC (COSP) and UNTOC (COP). More integration between organized crime
and corruption manifestations requires much more integration in and of the crime
governance.
UNTOC AND UNCAC: PREVENTION, CRIMINALIZATION
AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Within the international normative anti-crime and criminal justice realm, the
UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC)’, ratified by
190 member states (February 2020) and the UN Convention against Corruption
(UNCAC)®, ratified by 187 (February 2020) member states, represent the
normative, criminal-justice-based platforms for the prevention, criminalization
and international cooperation against (transnational) organized crime and
(transnational) corruption.
The developmental platform, which covers prevention in the wider social and
cultural space, is represented by 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and in
particular Goal 16: Peace, Security and Justice for All with the two most relevant
targets, 16.4 and 16.5. These aim (respectively) to ‘significantly reduce all forms
of organised crime’ (with a particular focus on illicit arms and financial flows)
and ‘substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms’ by 2030. These
goals area significant step towards approaching organized crime as a mainstream
development concern and extending responsibility for its prevention across a
broader range of development actors.
° https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/organized-crime/intro/UNTOC.html.
° https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CAC/.
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