Oldal 48 [48]
OCR
LITERARY CODE-SWITCHING careers entirely in French, whereas V. Afanassiev, V. Fédorovski, and L. Jurgenson used both languages to write their literary texts. Russian linguists N. Azarova and S. Bochaver study poetic bilingualism from a sociological perspective. Some poets, Singaporean poets, for example, choose to write in English rather than Chinese, as this gives them an opportunity to attract more readers.* It can also be a means to bypass the censorship. For A. Makine, V. Fédorovski, and V. Afanassiev the choice of language and place of publication for their books is closely linked to their content. They speak truthfully about the demerits of the Soviet Union and Russia. Andrei Makine, for instance, talks about exiles, repressions, compares Russia to Europe and Asia, etc. All three writers left Russia® as adults (therefore they are not bilingual since childhood) and two of them applied for political asylum.® L. Jurgenson and I. Gran emigrated at a very young age together with their parents. Their language choice is due to the move to a new country. This leads to the following questions: 1) is it possible to find examples of interference’ in the literary texts written by contemporary French writers Jurgenson and Gran, almost French native speakers as they moved in France as children? 2) is it possible to find examples of interference in the novels by contemporary French writers A. Makine, V. Fédorovski, and V. Afanassiev who became bilingual as adults? CASES OF INTERFERENCE IN THE NOVELS BY RUSSIAN—FRENCH WRITERS None or almost no cases of interference were found manually, while reading the books of the corpus. There are no cases of interference or calques in the novel Les Deux sœurs (1997) by V. Fédorovski. Some examples that today might be called interference were actually borrowed from French in the late 18th and > Haraaına AsapoBa —- CBeTaaana Bouagep: TunoAorna MO3TMYecKoro GMANHTBUSMa, in B. Demexko (OTB. peA.): O6pasvı asvıka u 3u2saeu ÖucKypca, COOPHUK Hay4HbIx cmameü K 70-nemum B.3. Aemvankosa, KyaprypHaa peBoAmwuna, 2018, 476-477. In the case of A. Makine and V. Afanassiev, the Soviet Union. These are A. Makine and V. Afanassiev. By the way, there are extremely negative reviews ofthe novels by Makine and Afanassiev in Russia: Tarpana Toacraa: Pycckum YeAoBeK Ha paHAeBy, in 3nama (6) 1998, 200-209, https://znamlit.ru/publication.php?id=500, accessed 15 October 2022; Erena Uepemupix: AnTepaTypHbIM TPyA 3HAMEeHNTOTO NMaHNucTa. Ayyılle CTO pa3 YCABIIIIaTb, 4eM OAUH pa3 IPoyecTB, in Kommepcanmb (161) 1996, https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/240200, accessed 15 October 2022. “The term interference implies the rearrangement of patterns that result from the introduction of foreign elements into the more highly structured domains of language, such as the bulk of the phonemic system, a large part of the morphology and syntax, and some areas of the vocabulary (kinship, color, weather, etc.)” Uriel Weinreich: Languages in Contact: Findings and Problems, The Hague, Paris, Mouton, 1970 [1953], 1. u a a + 46 +
