Oldal 33 [33]
OCR
1.INTRODUCTION = 31 of psychoactive substances are mostly positive at the beginning of the drug user career, and positive experiences often relate to a positive identity/self-image. In later stages of the drug user career, the drug loses much of its previous »power’ and ,,mystique’, so the user needs to re-evaluate his or her user identity. By keeping a distance from the addict identity, the construction of the ,,non-addict self” is a central point of recovery. The role of identity work is essential both in addiction and recovery. The examination of identity work is only possible trough subjective accounts, which provide an insider perspective to investigate how the person perceives the identity. One such method is an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) (Smith et al., 2009). Due to the particular effects of SCs, such as the predominance of negative experiences and their strong mental influence, the identity work of SC users may be challenging. However, little is known about the identity work of SC users, and how and whether it could fit into the recovery process experienced by psychoactive drug addicts. Since the aspects of the work on identity could be fundamental in the treatment of SC users (12-steps groups and Minnesota models are building on identity change in the recovery process) the aims of the third study (Study 3)’ included in books were: (1) to examine how the users perceived their selves during the use of SCs (2) to assess how identity formation is affected by the use of SCs The recovery approach is not only known in addiction filed, it is also used in recovery from mental illness (Bradshaw, Armour, & Roseborough, 2007), in desistance from crime (Farrall & Calverley, 2006), in recovery from divorce (Quinney & Fouts, 2004) and in recovery from suicide attempt (Sun & Long, 2013). The elements of recovery approach such as building a strong and positive identity, agency, finding meaningful roles, social integration, hope and focusing on the future (Terry & Cardwell, 2015) could help overcome multiple problems and moving towards something more, a positive and meaningful life without medical and psychiatric treatment, that often stigmatize patients. Recovery from mental health problems is not primarily about recovery from the symptoms. Due to it emerged from de-institutionalization it means recovery from long-term patient care, discrimination, and the effect of being a mental health patient. By undermining choice, personhood, hope and selfcontrol services and systems could be the most significant barriers to recovery (Terry & Cardwell, 2015). Therefore applying the recovery approach in the mental health field originates from and supported by self-help advocacy (Jacobson & Curtis, 2000). 3 (Kassai, Pintér, Rácz, Erdősi, et al., 2017)
