Oldal 31 [31]
OCR
1.INTRODUCTION =29 and structure of their lives, rethink their lives and thereby change their futures (Koski-Jännes, 1998, 2002). New experiences and relationships are essential when starting a new life. Identity in this regard has two aspects: social and private. Recovering helpers already existed in the 19th century in hospitals or other drug rehabilitation centers in the US. Currently, about 37-75 % of helpers in the USA are recovering users (Knudsen, Ducharme, & Roman, 2006; McNulty, Oser, Aaron Johnson, Knudsen, & Roman, 2007). In Hungary many drug rehabilitation centers, drug ambulances apply recovering helpers (e.g., Blue Point Foundation, Nyírő Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions). Often they work within the frameworks of the Minnesota method (also known as the 12-step program) (White, 2000a, 2000b). Motivation is a very significant factor in helpers’ lives: their life is a role, which helps other drug users to recover. Many previous studies have examined the experience of recovery, but experiences of recovering helpers, especially the aspects of identity are unexplored yet. Consequently, the first empirical study included in my book (Study 1)' had two main goals: (1) to assess the process of how addicts become recovering helpers (2) to examine what is the connection between recovery and helping by utilizing IPA In recent years new psychoactive substances (NPS) have been increasingly used by people who use drugs in recent years, which poses a new challenge for treatment services (Corazza et al., 2013). NPS are sold as replacements for illicit drugs, but they often contain unknown compounds. In Hungary, NPSs appeared in 2010 and rapidly dominated the illicit drug market (Racz, Csak, et al., 2016). The number of seizures of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) - also known as “herbal”, “bio-weed”, or “sage” - was nearly double the number of seizures of herbal cannabis in 2014. The range of substances found in the products follows the changes in legislation: between one and two dominant active substances could be found on the market in each period. The dynamics of these processes changed in 2015, as the scope of the substances that could be traded without any criminal consequences was narrowed drastically by the expansion of the generic regulation. By the end of the year, the place of ADBFUBINACA, which was legal until then and dominant in seizures, was overtaken by AMB-FUBINACA and 5F-AMB, regardless that these substances had already been controlled since October 2014 (in Hungary substances are banned compound-by-compound (Hungarian National Focal, 2015)). Users obtain 1 (József Rácz et al., 2015)
