Oldal 113 [113]
OCR
HUNGARIAN-ENGLISH LEXICAL CONTRASTS 7.5.2.1 Lack of superordinate term and a higher number of hyponyms in English In general, English tends to offer a more detailed segmentation of the world than Hungarian: it tends to have a higher number of hyponyms (i.e., basic level words in English are sometimes at a slightly lower level than in Hungarian), while there may be no superordinate word, or one of the hyponyms may ora clock watch nyúl rabbit hare béka frog toad tengely axis axle shaft csiga snail slug lepke butterfly moth motor engine motor parna pillow cushion ujj finger toe hús meat flesh fajta breed variety race Such differences work out as one-to-two or one-to-many differences, i.e., divergent phenomena, often leading to error or difficulty of learning. The words rabbit and hare, e.g, may be regarded as synonymous (see Chapter 6.5.1) and used indiscriminately by learners, or rabbit may be used as the primary counterpart of nyúl. Table 10. No definite superordinate term in English — different hierarchical organisation © állat | bird animal | fish | insect emlős | hal | madar | rovar Table 11. Different hierarchical organisation — co-hyponyms in English, superordinate and hyponym in Hungarian table | desk asztal íróasztal monkey | ape majom emberszabású majom e 111"
