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SUSAN C. BYRNE old monastery continue as they are and which of them, if either, will register with the Ministry of Law and Interior as the revival of Khögshin khüree. It is beyond the scope of this paper to address in detail the thorny issue of whether or not Mongolian Buddhism is a distinct form or merely a regional variety of Tibetan Buddhism. Suffice it to say that the two relatively young men running, what they assert, are the revival of Khégshin khiiree feel strongly that they are the cultural inheritors of a Buddhism that was practiced in Mongolia in the past while recognising the need to adapt to modern circumstances. They feel their distinct form of Buddhist practice is under pressure from Mongolian monks practising a modernised form of the Tibetan Gelugpa Tradition studied in monasteries set up by Tibetans in exile. This tension is largely a consequence of the decisions taken by the Head Monastery at the time of democratisation in the best interests of the Mongolian Buddhist revival. References Bell, Charles: The struggle for Mongolia. Journal of The Royal Central Asian Society 24 (1937), Issue 1, pp. 46-72. Erdenebileg, B. (ed.): Mongolin siim xidin tiixés ... (Barimtin emxtgel) [From the History of Mongolian Monasteries. A Collection]. (Second edition.) Tagnülin yeronxi gajar, Tusgai arxiw, Ulanbatar 2014. Byrne, Susan C.: Seeds of Hope — A Journey in Mongolia. Tibet Foundation Newsletter. London, July 1998. Chuluun, S. — Yusupova, T. I. (eds.): Klyagina-Kondratiyeva, M. I.: Mongolian Buddhist Culture: A Study of Monasteries and Temples in Khentii and Khangai. National Museum of Ethnology (Senri Ethnological Reports 113), Osaka 2013. Majer, Zsuzsa — Teleki, Krisztina: Monasteries and Temples of Bogdiin Khiiree, Ikh Khiiree or Urga, the Old Capital City of Mongolia in the First Part of the 20th Century. Budapest 2006 (http://www.mongoliantemples.org/index.php/en/201407-01-06-34-46/2014-07-01-06-44-08/old-monastries). Majer, Zsuzsa — Teleki, Krisztina: Survey of Active Buddhist Temples in Ulaanbaatar in 2005-2006 with Some Annotations in 2007 and 2011 (http://www.mongoliantemples.org, Additional Materials. Ulaanbaatar 2015). Majer, Zsuzsa — Teleki, Krisztina: Glossary (http://mongoliantemples.org/index.php/ en/2013-12-24-12-39-35). Pozdnjejev, A. M.: Mongolija i mongoly. Rjezultaty pojezdki v Mongoliju, ispolnenniyje v 1892-93 gg. Vol. 2. Sankt-Petersburg 1896-1898. Pürew, O. — Oyünbileg, R.: Töw aimgin Möngönmor t sümin tüx [The History of Méngénmor t District of Tow Province]. Ulanbatar 2003. Rinéen, B. — Maidar, D.: Ugsatni sudlal xel sinjlelin atlas [The Atlas of Mongolian Ethnography and Linguistics]. Ulanbatar 1979. 48
