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TEACHER "E" RESPECTED AMONG PEOPLE, ISporj BAJAR’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION IN MONGOLIA IN THE EARLY 20™ CENTURY B. Chinzorig Buryat State University, Russia Introduction As a result of the revolution in 1911 and 1921 which took place in the first half of the 20" century, it was an urgent issue of authorities to serve contemporary education for Mongolian people, who were moderately backward in culture and education from other peoples of the world at the time. One of the components of Mongolian ethnic groups, Buryat scholars and teachers take appropriate position in Mongolian national independence and sovereignty, especially in the further development of culture and education. Amongst these scholars, ISdorj Bajar, respectfully called Teacher “E”, has joined others with the same knowledge and beliefs, and had the sense of obligation to teach his wisdom to the next generation of youths, who were Mongolia’s future. Even though historians and researchers have written their research articles about this ordinary intellectual person, his individuality has not yet been studied precisely. The following article was written to clarify about his early life, his being a teacher of Mongolian students, becoming the first principal of primary school, his education in Germany, defamation of false political affairs, citizenship and other issues based on archival facts and papers. Biography, Activities Some researchers think that I8dorj Bajar was born in Orgé (Urga), while others think that he was born in Buryat’s Orongoi. However, it was noted down in the “Convict’s testimony” that he gave during investigation related to his defamation of false political affair in 1938, that ISdorj Sanjiyevié Bajar was born in Orongoi in the Selenge region of the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Republic in 1899, and graduated from Orongoi primary school and Chita secondary school. The October Revolution in 1917 had large influence on the young teacher, ISdorj Bazar, also it shaped his leftist democratic orientation: he became active in social and political issues. After the October Revolution, he was engaged to participate in the National Democratic Revolutionary Movement in Mongolia, where the People’s Revolution replaced monarchy, which formed historical condition for him to modify 444
