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38 Vilmos Voigt very difficult to adjust drawings to his theoretical statements." Instead of pictures of everyday scenes he gives meditative references. Some features of his characterization may have served as models for some pictures, but his system of thinking was the main ingredient that has influenced the European mind. To my best knowledge in this direct and indirect way Barclay’s book is an unparalleled rich expression of predecessors of the topic “the Image of the European Mind,” in other words an early expression of “compréhension des peuples.” With his remarks on climate and geography, political system and commerce, education, and everyday life, Barclay is one of the important forerunners of “comparative European studies.”'* His other works have influenced European thinking for centuries. His Icon Animorum gathered less attention; nevertheless it marks the place of the author in European characterology. References Becker Ph. A. 1903, Johann Barclay, 1582-1621, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Literaturgeschichte, Neue Folge, Band XV, Berlin, pp. 33-118. Brand A. (around 1700), Characterisierung der europäischen Völker, Wien. Colignon A. 1906, Le Portrait des Esprits (Icon Animorum) de Jean Barclay, Nancy. Dukas J. 1880, Etude bibliographique et littéraire sur le Satyricon de Jean Barclay, Paris. Griéger P. 1961, La caractérologie ethnique. Approche et compréhension des peuples, Paris. Lord Hailes (David Dalrymple) s. d., Sketch of the Life of John Barcklay, s. |. Huxley J. S., Haddon A. C., Carr-Saunders A. M. 1939, We Europeans. A Survey of “Racial” Problems, Harmondsworth. Irving D. 1839, John Barclay [in:] Lives of Scottish Writers vol. 1, Edinburgh, pp. 371-384. Schulze W. 1994, Die Entstehung des nationalen Vorurteils. Zur Kultur der Wahrnehmung fremder Nationen in der europäischen Frühen Neuzeit |in:] Schulze W. (ed.) Sozialgeschichte. Alltagsgeschichte, Mikro-Historie. Eine Diskussion, Göttingen, pp. 23-49. 13 "The re-editions or translations do not give pictures either—except for a common frontispiece. M See one of the rare direct references to Barclay’s Icon Animorium, with very rich (and up to date) references to the topic: Schulze 1994: 24. 15° See—among other publications—the bibliography by Dukas 1880.
