Oldal 104 [104]
OCR
Part III. Digital Media and Storytelling in Research ] 103 vote, or even re-direct the play or re-enact certain episodes at turning points in the plot. Ihe spectator becomes an insider and an active participant, developing action plans to help solve dilemmas (Boal, 1985). Although the framework of the play is predetermined by the dramaturge and the director, the narrative of the performances always evolves according to the intervention of the audience (Oblath, 2017). Ihe researchers obtain data from video recordings of the performance and may conduct a focus group or individual interviews with the participating audience members after the performance, who may be asked about internal processes taking place during the play (Lanszki, 2020). CHAPTER 4. ORAL HISTORY AND DIGITAL STORYTELLING IN SERVICE OF COLLECTIVE SOCIAL MEMORY Oral History is a form of personal history relayed orally, a specific form of historical documentation with a tradition dating back to 1948 when interviews with important historical figures in American history were recorded using technology. Oral history differs from the intergenerational oral transmission of cultural traditions, as oral history is a purposeful methodology rather than a spontaneous act of knowledge transfer (Leavy, 2011). As a research method, oral history has sampling procedures and specific tools for analysis. Researchers interview members of a specific population in order to gain a multi-directional understanding of a particular culturalhistorical topic. In order to select the sample group, the researcher must first assess the literature and sources on the broader topic to identify gaps that need to be further explored in order to aid in the selection of the interviewees. Random sampling, which ensures reliability in quantitative research, is therefore excluded in oral history research. Snowball sampling is used rather than probability sampling to find oral history interviewees - especially in the case of particularly sensitive topics or vulnerable populations (Leavy, 2011). The aim ofall oral history research is to gain deeper insight into the interviewees personal experiences, opinions, and perspectives, a goal which significantly determines the characteristics of the interview. An oral history interview is always an autobiographic narrative interview and consists of open-ended questions. Sometimes, several interviews are conducted with the same person in order to gather as many details as possible. The virtue of autobiographical narratives is that the narrators not only list events in a factual way, but also reveal the social context and individual circumstances, the relationships between the actors, the motives behind the behavior and the consequences of the actions. The researcher does not interrupt the interviewee while he or she is speaking, allowing them to narrate and interpret the life events freely.
